Ferritin levels showed a strong association with LIC. Abnormal T2* was not significantly associated with any of the measures of transfusion or chelation. The liver iron content (LIC) ranged from 10.4 to 15.2 mg/g dry weight, with no significant differences across groups ( P = 0.29). Cardiac iron overload was found in 3 (15%) patients with thalassemia, none with SCA, and 4 (16%) with MDS.
Erythrocytapharesis did not consistently prevent iron overload in patients with SCA. We included from 9 centers 20 patients with thalassemia, 41 with SCA, and 25 with MDS in 2012-2014. Our primary objective was to assess through a multicentric study the prevalence of cardiac iron overload, defined as a cardiovascular magnetic resonance T2*8 ECs in the past year, and age older than 6 years. In patients with sickle cell anemia (SCA), iron does not seem to deposit quickly in the heart. Cardiac iron overload shortens the life expectancy of patients with thalassemia, whereas its effect is unclear in those with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). The risk and clinical significance of cardiac iron overload due to chronic transfusion varies with the underlying disease.
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